Category Archives: Problem Solving

Problem Solving posts

Advice On The Fly

good adviceYou know what there’s a lack of? Advice on the fly.

In the shuffle to become more politically correct, we’ve child-proofed the world instead of world-proofing the child (so to speak) and seem to have disallowed casual advice. The kind you get when you mention something to someone and get an immediate response from a third party on how to fix a perceived problem.

What’s the deal here?

Partly, we’ve become overly sensitive to innocent contribution. Offering advice is part of conversation. Partly, though whether this is a cause or a result is debatable, we’ve gotten really bad at hearing advice for what it’s worth.

I keep a little black book – OK, it’s Evernote rearing its head again – where I store all the advice I get. Whether I think something’s worth applying to a current situation, I’ve come to realize all advice has value, if the right semantics can be applied to it. If you come to accept that all advice is offered from a position of perceived benefit, then there’s no bad advice (except when it’s given on purpose) and that you might be able to apply just about any tidbit you get to a situation eventually.

One of the big deals with problem solving is building a tool kit (or a toolbox) and gathering better ideas. Being able to see clearly the merit of a piece of advice situationally can be one of those little secret weapons for any thoughtwrestler – gathering large banks of creative ideas from vastly different perspectives.

What are you doing to take advantage of – or encourage others to take advantage of – those tiny tidbits of information we all toss at each other? Or, what are you doing to increase the amount of tidbits you have available?

Image by cornflakegirl


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Tag-Team Thoughtwrestling: Finding Productive Collaborators

I recently reconnected with an old group of online friends.  One of our stalwart band was struggling to solve a problem, and several folks chimed in with advice.  I wanted to share this collaborative problem solving tale with you because it’s a really powerful tool when it’s done the right way.

Knowing your collaborators

I was particularly struck with how well one particular friend and I complemented each other in responding to our mutual friend’s problem. My “collaborator” friend is an enneagram 5, so she’s very logical, sequential and detached in her approach.  I’m an enneagram 4, so my approach is more empathetic, emotional and gestalt.

Because we’re old friends, our differences helped us cover our respective blindspots, instead of being a source of friction.

It got me thinking of all the various projects and roles that just work better when you approach them with a collaborative team, rather than tackling them on your own.

When is it time to tag-team?

  • Marriage and parenting springs to mind as “projects” that can benefit from collaborative problem solving.
  • Unless you’re a freelance hermit, your career probably requires teamwork and collaboration, at least some of the time.
  • Even some recreational activities require collaborative problem solving (rock climbing, anyone?)

How do you find a good partner?

Don’t discount the importance of simply finding someone you like being around.  A little fun and friendship goes a long way in smoothing out the rough joints in a partnership.  So try to find someone with whom you have some common ground–shared interestsbackground or opinions.

Remember, though, that hooking up with your personal clone is only going to help you duplicate effort.  Partnering with someone who has a different personality, approach, skillset or background enables you to look at problems from many more angles, as opposed to having two people looking at the same problem from essentially the same perspective.  Collaborative problem solving works well when you bring a variety of capabilities to the table.

If you’re a rational, no-nonsense type, partnering with someone a little more imaginative might take your brainstorming to a new level.

If you’re a freeform thinker, then a more pragmatic perspective can help move your high-flying ideas into the real world.

What if it all goes wrong?

One reason that people hesitate to call in reinforcements is the fear of what might happen if it doesn’t work out.  There’s always the possibility that even when you pick a collaborator who seems perfect, you just won’t gel right.  Collaborative problem solving can be tricky.

Here are some tips to make even a failed partnership work out better.

  • Be clear about expectations and responsibilities from the outset.
  • Have a plan B.
  • No matter what happens, treat each other with R.E.S.P.E.C.T.
  • If there is a financial element to the partnership, be absolutely transparent about every transaction.  Also, make sure you have a contract in place that covers what happens to the assets should the partnership dissolve.
  • Try not to take it personally.  Sometimes things just don’t work out.

What about you?

Got any good “partnership nirvana” stories to share?  Or tales of epic nightmare collaboration efforts?  If you learned something from your collaborative problem solving experiences, so can we.  Share!

img courtesy GERAS on sxc

The Why Problem

whyContrary to (sometimes) popular belief there are very few things in this world keeping you from doing exactly what you have always wanted to do.

Yes, of course, there are resource problems. No matter how much you wish it, it will still be a wee bit difficult to work up the down payment for that Mclaren you’ve had your eyes on, and no matter how much grunt work you are willing to put in, it will be still be a chore to construct a life-sized replica of the Sears Tower out of square-cut diamonds. Resource problems are a given for any creative endeavor, but the truth is they are not what end up stopping us in most cases.

In most cases, creative projects are derailed by the “Why” problem.

Society has trained us to be very good at breaking problems down into steps and completing those steps. The more structured the plan, the easier it is for us to complete and the more single-minded we are when we try to complete it. Usually the only thing we concern ourselves with is trying to overcome procrastination, distraction and the general malaise that comes from set backs. What society has not given us the software to handle is the question why. Why do we want to write that book? Why do we want to start a company? Why do we want to create a business in this particular way at this particular time? It’s the answers to these questions that give our projects meaning, and often we get so caught up in the doing we forget to take time to understand why we’re doing it.

Let me first say that Why is not What. What is easy to understand.

What am I doing?

I am writing a book that I hope to have published by Harper Collins.

What do I need to do to accomplish this?

I need to outline it, write up a draft, bash my head repeatedly against my writing desk until I turn the mediocre pap I’ve turned out into something palatable, and then turn it in to my editor to tear it apart.

What is formulaic and fits into the plan we’ve put together to get things done. It’s simple, clean and mechanical.

Why on the other hand is a structural question.

Why forces us to figure out what is actually driving our behavior and how our projects fits into our wider goals. Why also serves to protect us against falling into a grind and turn our projects into something greater than a series of disconnected actions. If we don’t understand why our book is only the first step to our goal of becoming a speaker, it will be a lot harder to drag ourselves through it when we find ourselves stuck on chapter four.

Before you throw yourself into a project, test it against Why. Ask how it fits into your goals. Better yet, ask yourself what comes next and whether that is something that is worth putting in all the effort.

Not only will asking Why help give your projects more meaning, but it will also act as an excellent filter for determining whether you should be starting a new project in the first place.

Image by openpad

Steve Spalding is an entrepreneur and, among other things, author of the How To Split An Atom blog.

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Problem solving resources for thoughtwrestlers

problem solving toolkitProblem solving methods are ways to solve problems.

These methods vary in complexity and rigor, just like tools range in complexity from hammers to the Space Shuttle.  Just as a plumber, a carpenter, or a repair person carries around a toolkit filled with different kinds of tools, you can derive great benefit from having a problem solving toolkit, full of tools and methods to tackle different kinds of problems.

The scientific method described

Some problem solving methods are very similar to the scientific method, which is a generally accepted process used by scientists to learn more about the natural world.

What do science and experiments have to do with solving problems?  More than you might think!

Let’s take a minute and look a brief look at the scientific method.  No algebra, formulas, or slide rules are required (we promise).

The steps of the scientific method can be summarized like this:

Define the question.
Gather information and resources (observe).
Form hypothesis.
Perform experiment and collect data.
Analyze data.
Interpret data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting point for new hypothesis.
Publish results.
Retest (frequently done by other scientists).

As you can see, the scientific method is a logical series of steps that a scientist would follow to discover how something works.

A simple scientific method of problem solving

You could redefine the scientific method as a problem solving method by modifying it as follows:

  1. Define the problem
  2. Gather information and resources (research; generate ideas based your research)
  3. Devise a possible solution to your problem, assuming that you’ve defined it correctly and you’ve come up with some useful ideas
  4. Try the solution and observe the results
  5. Analyze the results:  did the solution work?  Did it fail?  Did anything unexpected happen?
  6. If the solution didn’t achieve the desired result, go back to step 1 and try again.  Otherwise, you’re done.

These steps are the key activities of many problem solving methods.  You’ve probably used them many times before.

A problem solving toolkit has several tools

However, sometimes we want multiple options to do things.

Tools that feel perfectly natural to some people feel heavy, cumbersome, and confusing to others.  At other times we need more power and more complexity.

Therefore, just as a carpenter or a mechanic has many different kinds of tools for many different kinds of jobs, thoughtwrestlers (that’s us!) can make great use of multiple problem solving techniques.  After all, problems really are problems and when we know we’re facing a problem, we can equip ourselves with the right tools.

Problem solving is a key skill that any thoughtwrestler needs, so we’ve done some research into this area of interest.  Here are some links to different problem solving resources that we’ve found on the Web.  We’ve given you some description of each one.

Problem solving websites

Problem Solving – from the Free Management Library, this website has links to a lot of useful articles related to problem solving, including beginner, intermediate and advanced information.  As you might expect with a website title like this, a number of the tools have a business focus.

Problem Solving Techniques – from Mindtools, this webpage has links to resources that are very much focused on solving business problems, including a number of strategic tools for business strategy, marketing, etc.  One example is a description of using the 5 Whys technique, a simple but extremely powerful way to get to the root cause of a problem (I’ve used this on the job many times).

Problem Solving Techniques – by Robert Harris – this website describes a lot of common sense and structured thinking when it comes to analyzing problem situations.  It includes a lot of important questions that you need to ask when you solve problems.  For example, this webpage describes the concept of assumption articulation, or describing the things that you believe are true about the problem situation, in some detail.

Critical and Creative Thinking – from the University of Michigan, part of their Thoughts on Problem Solving website.  We’ve focused on this particular web page because this subset of links leads to some useful critical and creative thinking resources.  You should also check out Abundance Blog and their post with 20 Creative Thinking Techniques.

Problem Solving Techniques: Get Your Creative Thinking Juices Flowing By Using The SCAMPER Technique – from Robin Good, this is a more detailed look at the SCAMPER problem solving technique.  SCAMPER provides you with a bunch of different techniques to change assumptions about your problems by adding, subtracting or changing parts of the problem.

Creative Problem Solving eBook – by William E. Mitchell and Thomas F. Kowalik.  We’ve included this because it’s an eBook that you can download and print out.  It has a number of exercises you can work on as you try to solve problems.  You might not want to use it to invent a warp drive, but it can handle lots of mundane, real world problems.

Problem Solving Techniques: How To Solve Problems – from Management Skills Resources.  Although this website has many of the same types of resources as some of the other websites, this one adds some ideas about change management.  It describes ways to introduce solutions into groups and workplaces.

Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) – this is a fairly scholarly work that illustrates a problem solving technique, using an example of an automotive manufacturing problem. TRIZ was pioneered by Genrich S. Altshuller.  See also this TRIZ Resource Center.  Confused?  This website which has a very easy-to-understand description of TRIZ.

Problems and problem solving – this comes from The Higher Education Academy, with a focus on engineering problems, but still applicable to many people.  It’s a really good overview, but a little more advanced and technical than some of the other resources in this post.

Creativity Techniques – from Mycoted, a huge Wiki listing of creativity and problem solving techniques.  Seriously, it’s huge.  You could spend days chasing down all of these links.  You can poke around in here if you’re really keen on learning more about problem solving techniques.

We’ve also created an article on how to solve problems using mind maps.

Now we’re looking for your input.  Can you point us toward other great problem solving resources?

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Image by Wonderlane

Problems really are problems and there lies the opportunity

problem solvingIt’s better to recognize problems as being problems instead of clouding the situation by invoking the term opportunity.

The title of this article might seem negative and defeatist, but bear with me. I suspect that if you are a manager, director, or if you have earned the right to have the letters MBA after your name, you’ve probably clicked on to some other article by now. That’s perfectly fine because those of you who are still reading are the people that I’m writing this article for.

The title of this article alludes to a common practice in the business world: framing problems as opportunities. It’s all about shifting the mindset from negative to positive, right? Don’t look at a circumstance or state of events as a problem, so the theory goes. Instead, look at it as an opportunity to surpass a challenge and emerge on the other side with something better.  You’re not solving problems, you’re seizing opportunities!

In theory, positive thinking is a critical skill and, on the surface, treating problems as opportunities makes sense from a motivational point of view.  A positive attitude must be a key criterion for problem solving, right?

But problems aren’t opportunities. Problems are problems.

Two examples to illustrate the difference between problem solving and seizing opportunity

Let’s look at a couple of fictional examples that explain the difference between opportunities and problems:

Scenario 1

Your uncle owns a series of successful, well run McDonalds restaurants. He nets $1.0 million per year and he has a well oiled organization. If you follow his lead, with minimal effort, you can easily maintain his same level of earnings. Buying the franchise from your uncle is clearly an opportunity to make $1.0 million per year for life, as long as people don’t stop eating French fries and they keep drinking carbonated drinks.

On the other hand, the $20 million price tag for the franchise is clearly a problem, especially if you can only get your hands on $10,000. The problem is the huge gap in money that you have between what you have and what you need.

The problem is that you have no idea or no way at your disposal to get the remaining money that you need. The problem is the challenge, the barrier, the hurdle, or the lack of something you need to take advantage of your opportunity.  Your problem solving skills clearly need to be focused on getting the money your need.

Scenario 2

You need to get a copy of your father’s will to prove that you are the sole heir to his $20 million fortune. However, the safe is sealed by a time lock and you alone don’t have the authority to get in the safe and, worst of all, the lawyers are preventing you from getting access.

Clearly the money within the will is a source of many opportunities. However, your lack of access to the will is clearly a problem.

Establishing the best mental framework for problem solving

Here’s the main concern that we have with referring to problems as opportunities: the mental framework. If you assume that problems are merely opportunities, there will be a tendency to underestimate the challenges that you may face.

If you assume that something is ripe for the taking (an opportunity), you will likely underestimate the number, magnitude, and difficulty levels of the problems that stand between you and the opportunities. We think that the use of the word opportunity lets our guard down too much and suspends our critical thinking skills.

By contrast, defining something as a problem shifts our minds to engage our problem solving skills.  Recognizing that something can be difficult will encourage us to look to any or all helpful resources to help find solutions to the problem. This is a good thing. Treating problems as problems is not a negative or defeatist attitude: it is a realistic attitude. Moreover, recognizing something as a problem can help us start looking for solutions.

In short, looking at problems in the right way is the best way to solve problems.

Remember, when you learn about math problems in school, they don’t call them math opportunities. They’re called math problems – for a reason. The good news, though, is that with the right attitude, the right resources and skillful use of problem solving skills, you equip yourself with the best possible chance to finding solutions to those problems.

Image by Martino!

Switching Gears from “Fire Fighter” to “Brainstorm Trooper”

A few months ago, I saw this interesting infographic on the rising unemployment rate. Aside from being depressing, what does this have to do with thoughtwrestling?

As jobs are downsized and eliminated, fewer people are managing more responsibilities among those still employed. If you haven’t lost your job over the last six months, you might feel like your previously-heavy workload has moved from “busy” into “basically unmanageable.”

When this happens, people quickly move from their regular work habits and routines into “putting out fires” mode. Any time in your workday that was previously dedicated to proactive innovation disappears, as you become more and more reactive.

When you don’t feel like you can keep up with the urgent things that are being tossed onto your plate willy-nilly, it’s hard to justify spending time on things that aren’t urgent.

The problem then becomes that important things left unaddressed long enough often become urgent problems.

If you’re familiar with the work of Stephen Covey (7 Habits of Highly Effective People), you’re aware of the whole 2×2 matrix.

The creative brainstorming and ideation phase of your next big thing probably lives in quadrant 2: Not Urgent But Important.

The problem is, you have taken up seemingly-permanent residence in quadrants 1 and 3, which require a whole different mindset and approach.  In the midst of reactively fighting fires, it’s incredibly difficult to do proactive problem-solving or brainstorm great new ideas and innovation.

So what do you do? How do you break out of the thoughtwrestling hold of “stuck in reactive mode”?

Here are a few thoughts. I’d love to hear yours in the comments.

  1. First, accept that things are going to have to get a little worse before they get better. I know. That sucks. Feel the suckyness and move on. Stop waiting for the magical day when you have nothing else on your plate crying for your attention. Unless you’re okay with waiting out a global economic turnaround, or you figure you can get your idea from ideation to execution in some brief window between “way too busy” and “unemployed due to lack of business.”
  2. Look really critically at the tasks in quadrant 3 that are screaming for your attention. If making time for innovative brainstorming pushes one or two of those items back an additional day or two, what is the real impact? Is it worth it?
  3. Be aware of the relative value of innovative ideas as compared to putting out fires. In three months, are your managers or clients more likely to remember ten quadrant 3 fires you put out, or one really amazing creative contribution?
  4. If you work for someone else, get the green light from your higher-ups. Maybe you’re afraid that if you stop putting out fires an hour or two a day, you’ll be perceived as “unproductive” and be the next to be let go. If you communicate with your managers and know that they recognize the value of this different aspect of your work, you won’t be distracted by worry.
  5. Change your setting to exchange your  ”Fire Fighter” hat (or helmet, I guess) for a “Brainstorm Trooper” one.  Changing your environment can change your mindset. If you can leave the office and work in a more creative-conducive spot, try that. If you can’t, clean up your desk. Yes, I know it looks like busywork to others. But you’d be surprised how helpful it can be to give yourself the gift of a visual tabula rasa. The clutter on your desk reminds you of those niggling urgent fires. Get them out of sight and out of mind.

So what about you? Have you felt too overwhelmed with the present to get into futurist mode? What helps you mentally switch gears from reactive to proactive?

KatFrench is a blogger, award-winning copywriter and social media manager for an advertising agency.  She lives near Louisville, KY with her husband of 18 years(!), two obnoxiously cute kids, and a pug puppy named after Rocky Balboa (despite being more of a cat person, really).  She loves coffee, hammocks, LOST and Jesus.

Someone stole your toolbox – what do you do?

You’ve been using it for years. Every tool in your kit has your name on it – even if you’re not a fiend with a labeler, people know the kinds of work you do, the kind of quality you produce. An integral part of that quality comes from knowing your tools, knowing what they can do, and making sure you approach tasks from a uniform position.

Uniform positions are the helpdesk approach to problem solving; rational elimination by rote.

You’ve made the helpdesk call, right? We all have. You ask for help, and the person on the other end runs through what amounts to a probability tree involving try-this-then-that procedures. The whole experience usually feels very Monty Hall in its predictable lack of reliable result. The root of the problem here is that it’s all done by rote. It’s trained, and it’s not imaginative.

The help desk mentality is killing creative thinking!

I’ve got nothing against Helpdeskers – their training is important in many situations. However, when we can’t ask for help, and don’t have access to their resources, we’re limited to what we know.

But what do we do when we don’t know anything?

You’ve just been given a new job. You’re getting down to business, preparing yourself for the work ahead – but something’s horribly wrong. It takes you a while to realize what’s going on, but eventually it comes to you; for some reason, your usual approach is useless here. Someone has, effectively, stolen your toolbox.

Everyone faces this now and then.

It could be a literal tool, or a common process – the tool itself doesn’t matter, what matters is that you can’t fix a problem in the usual manner. So what do you do? This is where most people spend hours thrashing away at new ideas, building new methods, or thinking outside the box. It usually goes nowhere – but there’s an easy way to fix that, and some simple questions to ask before you dig in.

Are you addressing the process, or the problem?

More often than not, we look for ways to fit our usual process into the needs of a job, not the other way around.How can you tell if this is happening? Look for these signs;

  • If you’re thinking in terms of steps, strategy or plans – you’re addressing process.
  • If you’re trashing, spending a lot of time thinking about details – you’re addressing process.

Try adjusting to focus in these areas instead;

  • If you’re looking at the history leading up to the problem, that’s addressing the problem.
  • If you’re looking for new materials to use, that’s addressing a problem.
  • If you’re willing (if you have time) to step away from the task to reconsider, you’re willing to address the problem itself properly.

Of course, these are broad examples – they can’t possibly be anything else. After all, addressing high-level concerns immediately means removing yourself from the process, which is all your usual tools are good for. Grooming yourself for high-level thinking is an excellent way to approach problems instead of processes. Simple motivators can make a huge difference.

The Cult of Done Manifesto hangs over an innumerable number of desks, for good reason. It teaches us to focus on results above process, and to finish before we perfect. The perfect is the enemy of the done!

The Pie Chart of Procrastination is another example of simple messages; the details are meaningless without action!

Above all else, being willing to accept new tools is one of the best problem solving skills out there.

So I’ll leave it with you; what tools do you use, that you’ve found don’t actually apply to every situation you thought they did?

Ian M Rountree is a blogger and marketing professional who is currently publishing a web novel, The Dowager Shadow.